Release Notes for Cisco IOS Release 11.2(5) Software Feature Packs--Cisco 2500 Series Routers

June 16, 1997

These release notes identify the Cisco IOS Release 11.2 feature packs for Cisco 2500 series routers (Cisco and CiscoPro models).

Product numbers for supported feature packs are as follows:

• CD25-C-11.2= ( Cisco 2500 IP Feature Pack)

• CD25-CP/E-11.2= (Cisco 2500 IP Plus Feature Pack)

• CD25-CW-11.2= (Cisco 2500 IP Plus 40 Feature Pack)

• CD25-CY-11.2= (Cisco 2500 IP Plus 56 Feature Pack)

• CD25-B-11.2= (Cisco 2500 IP/IPX/AT/DEC Feature Pack)

• CD25-BP-11.2= (Cisco 2500 IP/IPX/AT/DEC Plus Feature Pack)

• CD25-BW-11.2= (Cisco 2500 IP/IPX/AT/DEC Plus 40 Feature Pack)

• CD25-BY-11.2= (Cisco 2500 IP/IPX/AT/DEC Plus 56 Feature Pack)

• CD25-A-11.2= (Cisco 2500 Enterprise Feature Pack)

• CD25-AP-11.2= (Cisco 2500 Enterprise Plus Feature Pack)

• CD25-AW-11.2= (Cisco 2500 Enterprise Plus 40 Feature Pack)

• CD25-AY-11.2= (Cisco 2500 Enterprise Plus 56 Feature Pack)

These release notes contain the following sections:

• What Is a Feature Pack?

• Platforms Supported

• Loading Cisco IOS Release 11.2 Software on CiscoPro Routers

• Cisco Feature Pack Descriptions

  • Cisco Feature Pack Image Filenames and Memory Requirements

• Installation Tips

• Cisco IOS Release 11.2 Feature Sets

• Back Rev Feature Sets

• Installing the Router Software Without Using Windows 95

• About Cisco IOS Software Electronic Documentation

• Cisco Connection Online

What Is a Feature Pack?

The heart of a Cisco IOS software feature pack is a CD-ROM that contains software images and RSL, a Windows 95 application, which loads the images onto the router. Each Cisco IOS Release 11.2 feature pack CD contains feature sets. For users without Windows 95, images can also be loaded with a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server application.

Each Cisco IOS Release 11.2 software feature pack box contains the following:

• CD-ROM with the following software:

  • Feature set software images

  • RSL program (a Windows 95 application)

• Instruction booklet for using RSL

• Release notes (this document), which include instructions for using a TFTP server application on a system not running Windows 95

• Software license--for using Cisco software in object code form on a single router

• Cisco Documentation CD-ROM, which contains all Cisco IOS software documentation

Platforms Supported

RSL supports the following Cisco 2500 series routers:

• CiscoPro CPA2501, CPA2502, CPA2503, CPA2504, CPA2505, CPA2507, CPA2509, CPA2511, CPA2513, CPA2514, CPA2516, CPA2520, CPA2521, CPA2522, CPA2523, and CPA2524

• Cisco 2501, 2502, 2503, 2504, 2505, 2507, 2509, AS2509-RJ, 2510, 2511, AS2511-RJ, 2512, 2513, 2514, 2515, 2516, 2520, 2521, 2522, 2523, 2524, and 2525

Loading Cisco IOS Release 11.2 Software on CiscoPro Routers

RSL contains an upgrade utility that permanently modifies a CiscoPro router so that it will accept the Cisco IOS Release 11.2 software images.

The utility changes the router's SysObjectID Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) MIB value (used for network management) from CiscoPro to that of a Cisco router. The software banner also changes so that it no longer identifies the router as a CiscoPro product.

Cisco Feature Pack Descriptions

This section describes the Cisco feature packs, listing the software feature sets comprising each pack. You can use this information to identify your feature pack set in conjunction with the corresponding information provided in the table in the section "Cisco IOS Release 11.2 Feature Sets,". The table in that section identify which features are supported for a feature set on a specific platform.

Software Feature Packs

This section includes two tables: Table 1, on the following page, identifies each feature pack as specified on the label of the CD containing the router software. It also lists the feature sets comprising the feature pack, giving the UNIX and DOS filenames of the images. The table provides a brief description of each feature set and the router platform on which the feature set runs. Table 1 also identifies the memory required to run each feature set on the Cisco 2500 series router; Table 2 describes the memory delivered by default and the memory upgrades available.

You can use Table 1 to identify the memory required for your configuration based on the image you run. You can then check this against Table 2 to determine how much memory is available on the router as the factory default and the upgrades that you can obtain to satisfy your requirements.

Installation Tips

This section describes several solutions to problems you might encounter when using RSL. These solutions are additions to RSL's online help.

Recovering From a Connection Error

This installation tip provides a possible recovery solution in the event that you are unable to connect to your router. You can skip this section unless you are experiencing a connection error.

In some cases, you might receive the following error message while connecting to the target router:

"Failed to configure the router to enable the Cisco IOS software image and configuration file upload and download operations. You may want to check the router to make sure that the selected interface exists."

If you encounter this message, try increasing the Short Timeout value, which is set to 25 seconds, in the Options dialog box, especially if one of the following situations applies:

• You are connecting to a router that has a large configuration file.

• You are connecting to a Cisco AS5200. A Cisco AS5200 requires up to 45 seconds to write a configuration to nonvolatile random-access memory (NVRAM), due to the amount of interfaces that must be checked during this process. Increase the Short Timeout value to 60 seconds.

Restoring the Startup Configuration

In some cases, RSL is unable to restore the startup configuration. If this happens, take the following steps:

Step 1 Ensure that all cables are properly attached to both the router and the PC.

Step 2 Restart RSL and connect using the Preconfigured router option.

Step 3 When asked if you want to overwrite the existing startup configuration file, choose NO.

Step 4 When asked if you want to continue, choose YES.

Step 5 When connected, select Download Router Configuration in the Router Software Loader dialog box.

Step 6 Select the appropriate file, and click the radio button beside Copy configuration to the router's nonvolatile memory.

The router should now contain the startup configuration it had before the initial RSL connection. You can now exit RSL.

Helpful Hints

The following information about RSL operations can help you with the installation process:

• If you have added any static entries to the PC's Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table, one of them may be deleted by RSL. This entry will need to be manually re-entered into the PC's ARP table.

• If your router is configured with a boot system flash filename command, where filename is the name of the previous image residing in the first partition of Flash memory, this command must be manually changed to reflect the name of the image that was copied to the router's first Flash memory partition.

• If the router's running configuration at connection time is not the same as the router's startup configuration, the exact configuration will not be restored. Any changes that you have made since the last time a copy running-config startup-config or write memory command was entered will be lost.

• If you connect to a router with multiple Flash memory partitions, it will always copy the new image to the first partition and reload to the first partition. This will fail if there is not enough memory in the first partition.

• RSL will restore the router's running configuration, but some configuration commands will not be restored. However, the startup configuration will be correct. You can restore the exact running configuration by rebooting the router. Commands not restored to the running configuration include the following interface configuration commands: no shutdown, no ringspeed, and media-type aui.

Cisco IOS Release 11.2 Feature Sets

Table 3 shows specific features supported for Cisco IOS Release 11.2 on Cisco 2500 series routers.

The table uses these conventions to identify features:

• Yes: the feature is offered in the basic feature set

• - : the feature is not offered in the feature set

• Plus: the feature is offered only in the Plus feature sets, not in the basic feature set

• Encrypt: the addition of 40-bit (Plus 40) or 56-bit (Plus 56) data encryption feature sets

Cisco IOS images with 40-bit Data Encryption Standard (DES) support can legally be distributed to any party eligible to receive Cisco IOS software. 40-bit DES is not a cryptographically strong solution and should not be used to protect sensitive data.

Cisco IOS images with 56-bit DES are subject to International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) controls and have a limited distribution. Images to be installed outside the U.S. require an export license. Customer orders may be denied or subject to delay due to U.S. government regulations. Contact your sales representative or distributor for more information, or send e-mail to export@cisco.com.

Back Rev Feature Sets

For a list of features supported by the back rev feature sets, see the release notes available on the Documentation CD-ROM or the World Wide Web (www.cisco.com). See the section "About Cisco IOS Software Electronic Documentation,". For example, to find a feature set list for Cisco IOS Release 11.1(8), locate the Cisco IOS Software Configuration database. Then select Cisco IOS Release 11.1, and then select Release Notes for Cisco IOS Release 11.1.

Installing the Router Software Without Using Windows 95

This section describes an alternative method you can use to install the router software from the CD-ROM using a PC running Windows 3.1, a Macintosh, or a UNIX system. The process requires that you first obtain a TFTP application or a remote copy protocol (rcp) application, which you can use to set up your computer as a TFTP server or an rcp server. You can use either the copy tftp flash or copy rcp flash command to download the router software to the router.

You can load router software with this alternative method in the following circumstances:

• You are not running Windows 95.

• Your router does not contain an Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, or Token Ring interface.

Installation Process

This section provides steps that enable you to install the router software using a TFTP application and a PC running Windows 3.1. You can also set up your Macintosh or UNIX workstation as a TFTP server and follow the same steps.

To install the software using an rcp application, follow the same steps but use rcp instead of TFTP. You must also substitute the copy rcp flash command for the copy tftp flash command in Step 8. See the next section, "Command Reference Information for TFTP and rcp," for detailed information about the copy rcp flash and copy tftp flash commands.

Step 1 Install any TFTP application on the PC. (Not provided by Cisco.)

Step 2 Launch the TFTP application on the PC, usually by double-clicking the application icon or its filename.

Step 3 Set up the PC as a TFTP server using the TFTP application setup or configuration facility.

The user interface of most TFTP applications includes a setup facility that allows you to specify the PC as a server. For example, from the TFTP menu of one application, you can select Settings to display a panel that includes a checkbox beside the word Server. To configure the local PC as a server, click in this checkbox.

The TFTP server also allows selection of a "root" directory. You must select the directory in which the Cisco IOS and upgrade files reside, for example d:\cpswinst\images.

Step 4 Establish a console session from your local PC (which is now configured as a TFTP server) to the router. You can do this in two ways:

This is the recommended method. If you use this method, you will remain connected to the router when you reload the router to cause the image to take effect (in Step 20).

• Establish a Telnet session from the PC to the router. If you use this method, you will lose your connection to the router when you reload the router to cause the image to take effect (in Step 20).

Step 5 Connect your PC's Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, or Token Ring port to the router's corresponding LAN port. Use the 10BaseT crossover cable provided if connecting to an Ethernet or Fast Ethernet port. You must use Category 5 cable for Fast Ethernet routers.

---

Note Use straight-through cables if you are connecting via a 10BaseT hub or a 100BaseT hub.

---

In the following steps, you will upgrade your CiscoPro router to a Cisco Enterprise router. If you have a model CPA100x, CPA160x, CPA25xx or CPA4500 router and plan to install an 11.2 image on the router, you must perform Step 6 through Step 14. These steps upgrade your router to allow Enterprise images to run on it. For additional information, refer to the Note on page 3.

Step 6 From the console, enter the following configuration command:

Step 7 From the console, enter the following configuration command and then Ctrl-Z to exit configuration mode:

Step 8 At the router prompt, enter the following command to copy the router upgrade utility from the CD-ROM drive of the PC to the router:

Step 13 Enter the reload command to reload the router:

Step 14 Redo Step 6 and Step 7.

Step 15 At the router prompt, enter the following command to copy the new software image from the CD-ROM drive of the PC to the router:

Step 16 When prompted, enter the IP address of your local Microsoft Windows 3.1-based PC as in the following example:

Step 20 Enter the reload command to reload the router:

Command Reference Information for TFTP and rcp

This section includes detailed information about the copy rcp flash and copy tftp flash commands. This information supplements the information provided in the steps described in the section "Installing the Router Software Without Using Windows 95,".

copy rcp flash

To copy a file from a network server to the router or to another destination using rcp, use the copy rcp flash EXEC command:

Syntax Description

Command Mode

EXEC

Usage Guidelines

The rcp protocol requires that a client send the remote username of an rcp request to the server. When you enter the copy rcp flash command, by default the Cisco IOS software sends the username associated with the current teletype (TTY), if that name is valid. For example, if the user is connected to the router through Telnet and the user was authenticated through the username command, then the software sends that username as the remote username.

If the TTY username is invalid, the software uses the host name as both the remote and local usernames. To specify a different remote username to be sent to the rcp server, use the ip rcmd remote-username command, and possibly the ip rcmd remote-host command. You can also specify the path of an existing directory along with the remote username.

If you copy a system image from a PC used as a file server, the remote host computer must support the remote shell (rsh) protocol.

Use the copy rcp flash command to copy a system image from a network server to the router's internal Flash memory using rcp. The Cisco IOS software prompts for the address of the rcp server and rcp filename. When you enter this command, the system provides an option to erase existing Flash memory before writing onto it. The entire copying process takes several minutes and differs from network to network.

Before booting from Flash memory, verify that the checksum of the image in internal Flash memory matches the checksum listed in the README file distributed with the system software image. The checksum of the image in Flash memory is displayed at the bottom of the screen when you issue the copy rcp flash command. The README file was copied to the rcp server automatically when you installed the system software image.

 
Caution If the checksum value does not match the value in the README file, do not reboot the router. Re-enter the copy rcp flash command and compare the checksums again. If the checksum is repeatedly wrong, copy the original system software image back into Flash memory before you reboot the router from Flash memory. If you have a corrupted image in Flash memory and try to boot from Flash memory, the router starts the system image contained in ROM (assuming booting from a network server is not configured). If ROM does not contain a fully functional system image, the router cannot function and must be reconfigured through a direct console port connection.

Examples

The following example shows how to use the copy rcp flash command on a Cisco 4500 router. The interface might differ slightly on other systems. This example copies a system image named file1 from the netadmin1 directory on the remote server named SERVER1.CISCO.COM with an IP address of 131.108.101.101 to Flash memory. To ensure that enough Flash memory is available to accommodate the system image to be copied, the Cisco IOS software allows you to erase the contents of Flash memory first.

Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# ip rcmd remote-username netadmin1
Router(config)# Ctrl-Z
Router# copy rcp flash 

System flash directory, partition 2:
File  Length   Name/status
  1   984      file1 [deleted]
  2   984      file1
[2096 bytes used, 8386512 available, 8388608 total]
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 131.108.101.101
Source file name? file1
Destination file name [file1]?
Accessing file 'file1' on 131.108.101.101...
Loading dirt/ssangiah/file1 .from 131.108.101.101 (via Ethernet0): ! [OK]
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]
Flash contains files. Are you sure you want to erase? [confirm]
Copy 'file1' from server
  as 'file1' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yes
Erasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ...erased
Loading file1 from 131.108.101.101 (via Ethernet0): !
[OK - 984/8388608 bytes]
Verifying checksum...  OK (0x14B3)
Flash copy took 0:00:01 [hh:mm:ss]

The following example shows sample output resulting from copying a system image into a partition of Flash memory. The system prompts only if there are two or more read/write partitions or one read-only and one read/write partition and dual Flash memory bank support in boot ROMs. If the partition entered is not valid, the process terminates. You have the option to enter a partition number, a question mark (?) for a directory display of all partitions, or a question mark and a number (?number) for a directory display of a particular partition. The default is the first read/write partition.

Router# copy rcp flash
System flash partition information:
Partition   Size     Used    Free    Bank-Size   State       Copy-Mode
    1       4096K    2048K   2048K   2048K       Read Only   RXBOOT-FLH
    2       4096K    2048K   2048K   2048K       Read/Write  Direct
[Type ?<no> for partition directory; ? for full directory; q to abort]
Which partition? [default = 2]

                               ****  NOTICE  ****
Flash load helper v1.0
This process will accept the copy options and then terminate
the current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy.
Routing functionality will not be available during that time.
If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate.
Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation.
                               ---- ******** ----
Proceed? [confirm]
System flash directory, partition 1:
File  Length   Name/status
  1   3459720  master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3
[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 131.108.1.1
Source file name? master/igs-bfpx-100.4.3
Destination file name [default = source name]?

Loading master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3 from 131.108.1.111: !
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]
Flash contains files. Are you sure? [confirm]
Copy 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' from TFTP server
as 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yes

System flash directory, partition 2:
File  Length   Name/status
  1   3459720  master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3
[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 131.108.1.1
Source file name? master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3
Destination file name [default = source name]?

Accessing file 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' on ABC.CISCO.COM...
Loading master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3 from 131.108.1.111: !
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]
Flash contains files. Are you sure? [confirm]
Copy 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' from TFTP server
as 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yes

Related Commands

boot config
boot system flash
cd
copy flash rcp
ip rcmd remote-username
verify flash

copy tftp flash

To copy a file from a TFTP server to the router or to another destination, use the copy tftp flash EXEC command.

Syntax Description

Command Mode

EXEC

Usage Guidelines

The system prompts for the address of the TFTP server and TFTP filename if you do not provide them at the command line. When copying to internal Flash memory, the system provides an option to erase existing internal Flash memory before writing onto it. The entire copying process takes several minutes and differs from network to network.

Before booting from Flash memory, verify that the checksum of the image in Flash memory matches the checksum listed in the README file distributed with the system software image. The checksum of the image in Flash memory is displayed at the bottom of the screen when you enter the copy tftp flash command. The README file was copied to the TFTP server automatically when you installed the system software image.

 
Caution If the checksum value is not correct according to the value in the README file, do not reboot the router. Enter the copy tftp flash command and compare the checksums again. If the checksum is repeatedly wrong, copy the original system software image back into Flash memory before you reboot the router from Flash memory. If you have a corrupted image in Flash memory and try to boot from Flash memory, the router starts the system image contained in ROM (assuming booting from a network server is not configured). If ROM does not contain a fully functional system image, the router cannot function and must be reconfigured through a direct console port connection.

The following example shows sample output of copying a system image named file1 into Flash memory:

Router# copy tftp flash
System flash directory, partition 2:
File  Length   Name/status
  1   984      file1 [deleted]
  2   984      file1
[2096 bytes used, 8386512 available, 8388608 total]
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 223.255.254.254
Source file name? file1
Destination file name [file1]?
Accessing file 'file1' on 223.255.254.254...
Loading dirt/ssangiah/file1 .from 223.255.254.254 (via Ethernet0): - [OK]
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]
Flash contains files. Are you sure you want to erase? [confirm]
Copy 'file1' from server
  as 'file1' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yes
Erasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ...erased
Loading file1 from 223.255.254.254 (via Ethernet0): !!!!(etc.)
[OK - 984/8388608 bytes]
Verifying checksum...  OK (0x14B3)
Flash copy took 0:00:01 [hh:mm:ss]

The exclamation point (!) indicates that the copy process is taking place. Each exclamation point indicates that ten packets have been transferred successfully. A series of "V" characters indicates that a checksum verification of the image is occurring after the image is written to Flash memory.

The following example shows sample output resulting from copying a system image into a partition of Flash memory. The system will prompt only if there are two or more read/write partitions or one read-only and one read/write partition and dual Flash memory bank support in boot ROMs. If the partition entered is not valid, the process terminates. You can enter a partition number, a question mark (?) for a directory display of all partitions, or a question mark and a number (?number) for directory display of a particular partition. The default is the first read/write partition.

Router# copy tftp flash
System flash partition information:
Partition   Size     Used    Free    Bank-Size   State       Copy-Mode
    1       4096K    2048K   2048K   2048K       Read Only   RXBOOT-FLH
    2       4096K    2048K   2048K   2048K       Read/Write  Direct
[Type ?<no> for partition directory; ? for full directory; q to abort]
Which partition? [default = 2]

                               ****  NOTICE  ****
Flash load helper v1.0
This process will accept the copy options and then terminate
the current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy.
Routing functionality will not be available during that time.
If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate.
Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation.
                               ---- ******** ----
Proceed? [confirm]
System flash directory, partition 1:
File  Length   Name/status
  1   3459720  master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3
[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 131.108.1.1
Source file name? master/igs-bfpx-100.4.3
Destination file name [default = source name]?

Loading master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3 from 131.108.1.111: !
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]
Flash contains files. Are you sure? [confirm]
Copy 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' from TFTP server
as 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yes

System flash directory, partition 2:
File  Length   Name/status
  1   3459720  master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3
[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 131.108.1.1
Source file name? master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3
Destination file name [default = source name]?

Accessing file 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' on ABC.CISCO.COM...
Loading master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3 from 131.108.1.111: !
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm]
Flash contains files. Are you sure? [confirm]
Copy 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' from TFTP server
as 'master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] yes

Related Commands

copy flash tftp
verify
verify flash

About Cisco IOS Software Electronic Documentation

Cisco IOS software documentation is provided on the Documentation CD-ROM that is included with your feature pack. To locate the correct documentation, first determine the Cisco IOS release level of the image you loaded (see Table 1, the Description column).

You can either use the Documentation CD or go to www.cisco.com (select Products & Ordering, Documentation, Cisco Product Documentation, Cisco IOS Software Configuration, then select the level of release). Typical documentation consists of the following:

• Release notes--Contains information such as new features, important notes, and caveats.

• Feature guides--Describes new features available in specific Cisco IOS releases.

• Modules that comprise the configuration guides and command references. Figure 1 describes Cisco IOS Release 11.2 modules.

• Cisco IOS Software Command Summary--Summarizes the commands in the command reference publications. For each command, the summary provides complete syntax, the purpose of the command, and a description of each keyword and argument in the command syntax.

• System Error Messages--Describes system error messages reported by Cisco IOS software.

• Cisco Management Information Base (MIB) User Quick Reference--Describes the Cisco Systems private, or local, Management Information Base (MIB), which is provided with all Cisco software releases and with CiscoWorks router management software. A MIB file contains variables that can be set or read to provide information on network devices and interfaces. The Cisco MIB is a set of variables that are private extensions to the Internet standard MIB II.

• Debug Command Reference--Provides information about using debug commands to troubleshoot your network. The Debug Command Reference is intended for network administrators who already know how to configure a router and are familiar with all relevant network equipment.

• Caveats.

Cisco Connection Online

Cisco Connection Online (CCO) is Cisco Systems' primary, real-time support channel. Maintenance customers and partners can self-register on CCO to obtain additional information and services.

Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, CCO provides a wealth of standard and value-added services to Cisco's customers and business partners. CCO services include product information, product documentation, software updates, release notes, technical tips, the Bug Navigator, configuration notes, brochures, descriptions of service offerings, and download access to public and authorized files.

CCO serves a wide variety of users through two interfaces that are updated and enhanced simultaneously: a character-based version and a multimedia version that resides on the World Wide Web (WWW). The character-based CCO supports Zmodem, Kermit, Xmodem, FTP, and Internet e-mail, and it is excellent for quick access to information over lower bandwidths. The WWW version of CCO provides richly formatted documents with photographs, figures, graphics, and video, as well as hyperlinks to related information.

You can access CCO in the following ways:

• WWW:  http://www.cisco.com

• WWW:  http://www-europe.cisco.com

• WWW:  http://www-china.cisco.com

• Telnet:  cco.cisco.com

• Modem:  From North America, 408 526-8070; from Europe, 33 1 64 46 40 82. Use the following terminal settings: VT100 emulation; databits: 8; parity: none; stop bits: 1; and connection rates up to 28.8 kbps.

For a copy of CCO's Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), contact cco-help@cisco.com. For additional information, contact cco-team@cisco.com.